Additive inverse of a number: is the opposite of that number, ie the additive inverse of a number x is - x. The sum of a number and its additive inverse is always zero.




Binomial: is an algebraic expression with two terms, ie, a polynomial with two terms.



Cartesian coordinates: is a reference system about an axis, two axes (plane) or three axes (space) perpendiculars to each other, which intersect at a point called origin of coordinates.




Combinatory: is the part of mathematics that aims at studying problems of number of elements. That is, is responsible for determining the number of elements of a finite set that meet certain conditions.





Coplanar vectors: two vectors (or 2 points) are coplanar when they belong to the same plane (respectively, related to the same plane).





Cyclic Group:
A group is cyclic when monogene (generated by a single element) and also finite.





Cube: is a solid figure or regular polyhedron that is bounded by six equal squares.




Disjoint sets:two sets are disjoint if their intersection is empty. Otherwise we will say that they are cut.



Equation: is an equality that has one or more unknowns, which are related by arithmetic.




Fibonacci sequence: is the sequence of numbers: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, ... Each number is calculated by adding the two before him.




Fraction: is the expression of a quantity divided by another.




Function: Is a correspondence of a set X of real numbers and a set of real numbers.




Infimum: I is the infimum of the set A if it is the largest of the lower bounds of the set A. We write I = inf A.


Parallel lines: Two lines are parallel, if in the same plane and not intersect.




Quotient: is the result of a division.


Serie: is the sum of the terms of a sequence.



Subset: is a set that is part of another given set. A set A is a subset of a set B if every element of A is an element of B. Every set is a subset of itself.





Supremum of a set: it is the lesser of the upper bounds of a set bounded above.




Vector: It is a directed line segment in space. All the vectors have: magnitude, direction and sense.




Volume: is the amount of three-dimensional space that an object occupies.